Alabama Counties Map

New Alabama congressional map friendly to incumbents

WASHINGTON -- The state's seven members of the U.S. House of Representatives appear likely to face the voters next year with new congressional districts that don't overtly threaten their re-election chances.

The Alabama Legislature, after a bumpy process with a flurry of proposed maps, finally settled last week on a redrawn congressional map that makes mostly minor changes to the demographic makeup of the districts.

Gov. Robert Bentley supports the final map and intends to sign it, a spokeswoman said Tuesday. If the U.S. Justice Department agrees that it is fair and does not disenfranchise minorities, voters will notice the changes in the congressional election cycle of 2012.

While some of the boundary lines are significantly altered -- entire counties moved from one district to another, for example -- the net effect of the changes means that the six Republicans still will represent vastly white and largely rural populations, and the one Democrat still will have a district that is almost two-thirds black and even more urban than it had been. The new Census data also distinctly documents, for the first time, the Hispanic population of each district.

Congressional maps are redrawn every 10 years after the Census to even out the population in each district, and, depending on population shifts nationally, add or subtract a district. Alabama is not one of the states to gain or lose a seat in Congress this year, so map drawers' main task was to put 682,819 people in each district, up from 635,300.

In the Birmingham area, the 6th district seat now held by Rep. Spencer Bachus, R-Vestavia Hills, will become less white and more black and Hispanic, with the loss of parts Tuscaloosa County, all of St. Clair County and the addition of most of Blount County and the eastern half of Coosa County. The 6th District goes from nearly 90 percent white after the 2000 census to about 81 percent; from almost 8 percent black to 13.5 percent; and to almost 5 percent Hispanic. During the last Census, the "other" racial category selected by residents accounted for about 1 percent in the district.

Rep. Terri Sewell's seat in the 7th District is of special interest to the Justice Department, which automatically reviews district boundary changes in Alabama under Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act. The district was drawn specifically to have a majority black population after the 1990 census. Under the map approved last week, it would go from 62.4 percent black in 2000 to 63.6 percent. The white population in the 7th would drop from 36 percent to 33 percent, and be almost 3 percent Hispanic.

qanudi: alabama map of counties

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Map guide to the U.S. federal censuses, 1790-1920

Handbook of Alabama, a complete index to the state

Red book, American state, county & town sources

A phonological and lexical study of the speech of Tuscaloosa County, Alabama

Walker County, Alabama